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Fate of microplastics in soil
Kameníková, Eliška ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
The problems with microplastics, small plastic particles contaminating the environment, is a subject of heated discussions today. It has been recognized that the microplastics are not inert, but instead they have an impact on all enviromnental compartments. There are studies describing the negative effects of microplastics, for example on fauna and flora or on human health, but the effects on soil quality have not been sufficiently described. The aim of this thesis was to assess the short and medium term effects that microplastics could have on the soil. In this work, a series of experiments were performed to elucidate the fate of microplastics in the soil. Changes in soil organic matter thermal properties, soil respiration, amount of water and soil aggregation depending on the incubation time were monitored. Three types of agricultural land (chernozem, cambisol and phaeozem), which were contaminated with different concentrations od PET and tyre rubber, were tested. The results confirmed the specific effects of microplastics on soil properties, which were observed in non-incubated samples (i.e. at the time of incubation 0 months), microplastics did not behave inertly in the soil and affected, for example, soil properties, texture and respiration.
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Soil management of large investment projects on the example of the industrial zone Kolín - Ovčáry
Bejblová, Klára ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Kuklík, Miloslav (referee)
The thesis deal with the soil sealing and the rehanding with the uncovering of soil cultural layers. This problem is describe on the example of the industrial zone Kolín - Ovčáry. In the thesis there is the evaluation of the soil characteristics and their changes in areas where due to the trensfer of the cultural layer was created completely new structure of soil cover compact of soil units with artificial stratigraphy of profile. For this area the new classification subsumtion is suggested. The overall impacat of the soilsealig and implementation of the uncovering of soil cultural layers, despite of local incerase of soil fertility parameters, we evaluate as the degradation of soil cover.
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Fate of microplastics in soil
Kameníková, Eliška ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
The problems with microplastics, small plastic particles contaminating the environment, is a subject of heated discussions today. It has been recognized that the microplastics are not inert, but instead they have an impact on all enviromnental compartments. There are studies describing the negative effects of microplastics, for example on fauna and flora or on human health, but the effects on soil quality have not been sufficiently described. The aim of this thesis was to assess the short and medium term effects that microplastics could have on the soil. In this work, a series of experiments were performed to elucidate the fate of microplastics in the soil. Changes in soil organic matter thermal properties, soil respiration, amount of water and soil aggregation depending on the incubation time were monitored. Three types of agricultural land (chernozem, cambisol and phaeozem), which were contaminated with different concentrations od PET and tyre rubber, were tested. The results confirmed the specific effects of microplastics on soil properties, which were observed in non-incubated samples (i.e. at the time of incubation 0 months), microplastics did not behave inertly in the soil and affected, for example, soil properties, texture and respiration.
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Hodnocení aberace vybraných ploch katastru obce Vlkov
Havlát, Martin
The subject of this research is a level of aberration of soil on selected sites in the land register of Vlkov u Osové Bítýšky village. During a Complex soil survey (1967/1968) were collected three samples In 1966 and 1967, in this territory. From these samples were selected data from texture analysis pH and humus. The old soil sampling sites were re-localized and from the very spots, new samples were taken from the depth of approximately 75 cm in order to gain current results. These new samples were analyzed in a laboratory and these results were compared with the 50 years old ones. This allowed us to evaluate changes in soil on the selected sites.
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Soil management of large investment projects on the example of the industrial zone Kolín - Ovčáry
Bejblová, Klára ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Kuklík, Miloslav (referee)
The thesis deal with the soil sealing and the rehanding with the uncovering of soil cultural layers. This problem is describe on the example of the industrial zone Kolín - Ovčáry. In the thesis there is the evaluation of the soil characteristics and their changes in areas where due to the trensfer of the cultural layer was created completely new structure of soil cover compact of soil units with artificial stratigraphy of profile. For this area the new classification subsumtion is suggested. The overall impacat of the soilsealig and implementation of the uncovering of soil cultural layers, despite of local incerase of soil fertility parameters, we evaluate as the degradation of soil cover.
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Changes of saturated hydraulic conductivity values of soils with different percetnages of biochar during recurrent laboratory measurements
Bočinský, Pavel ; Jačka, Lukáš (advisor) ; Pavlásek, Jiří (referee)
Abstract
This thesis deal with the influence of biochar on the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and time changes of Ks during the recurrent of measurement procedure. Representative values of Ks are crucial for description and modeling of the water low in the soil. Samples used in this thesis represent laboratory-prepared soil (fluvial soil fine grained soil with the addition of 20% kaolin clay). This soil has been enriched by 0, 2 and 5% of biochar. For these different materials, values of Ks and its time changes were determined values using recurrent laboratory measurements. Biochar (material used for improvement of sorption capacity and other soil properties) was made by pyrolysis of grape stalk.
Measurements were performed in two series, in January and February 2016. Every series contains ten samples, therefore, twenty samples in two series were measured. Samples were poured into Kopeckeho sampling rings (100cm3). First series contains five samples of fine soil, each sample with 5% addition of biochar to reference soil; the remaining five samples contain reference soil (fluvial soil with 20% addition of clay). Second series contains five samples of fine soil, each sample with 2 % addition of biochar to reference soil; the remaining five samples contain reference soil. Saturation of samples was done gradually by a regulator of laboratory permeameter. Samples were measured using the laboratory permeameter by constant head method.
Average values of Ks for samples without biochar (first series), were in range from 1,00.10-7 until do 3,53.10-7 m.s-1. Average values of Ks for 5% biochar, were in range from 6,49.10-8 until 9,20.10-8 m.s-1. For the first series, the mean Ks values of the samples with the 5% biochar addition were every time distinctly lower than mean Ks values for the reference soil. Average values of Ks for samples without biochar (second series), were in range from 1,21.10-7 until 1,84.10-7 m.s-1. Average values of Ks for 2% biochar, were in range from 9,78.10-8 until 1,64.10-7 m.s-1.
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